Photographic processes keep life’s special moments alive and immortalize through photographs. Cameras are increasingly adapted to the needs of technological change and demand.
Unlike the last century, almost everyone has access to a camera at home and it’s easy to capture the best moments of everyday life.
- Whether admiring nature.
- Recording a special moment or even taking a famous selfie.
- It’s important to understand how cameras work to maximize their results and turn those moments into great works of art with modern technology.
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Technology for the benefit of photographic quality
Unlike the last century, it is now very common to see increasingly perfect photos, minimizing the effects of image restoration software.
This is due to the technological facilities that facilitate everyday life in our daily lives, turning ordinary people into real photographers.
Nowadays, taking pictures is very common and taking great photos is becoming more common thanks to the variety of functions built into the cameras, even if they are the simplest.
Understanding what photographic processes are has to do with image exposure, improvements achieved through control, shutter speed, aperture value, and image sensor sensitivity is important for better results and effects on images.
What is photography/concept exposure?
Photographic processes are related to exposure to a photo, i. e. the amount of light the camera sensor receives, so the variation in the amount of light received will indicate whether the photo will be overexposed or underexposed.
In case of underexposure, the photo does not receive enough light and looks like a bite, devoid of detail by the black areas it contains, this effect is shown in the image below, on the left side of the screen.
In case of overexposure, in photographic processes, the photo receives a lot of light and looks like a burnt area, that is, with areas devoid of detail by the number of white areas, as shown in the image above, on the right side.
Therefore, finding the ideal way to shoot is to find the balance between the two overexposure and underexposure points, and therefore not damage the image and not lose detail in it, as shown in the image above in the center of it, between the overexposed and underexposed points.
Also known as exposure time, shutter speed refers to the time it takes to open and close allowing light to pass that will sensitize the sensor that will form the image.
In general, in photographic processes, the lower the shutter speed, the less light will be absorbed into the camera and the greater the aperture of the diaphragm, thus maintaining adequate exposure.
Exposure time is generally used in 1 / x format, where x represents the fraction in seconds. Commonly used values are:
The opening value
The aperture of the diaphragm in the photographic processes is located on the lens. As in the human eye, the opening of the diaphragm works in the same way as the pupil, contracting and dilating according to the luminosity of the environment, shaping the correct vision of the image.
In this way, the aperture of the lens has the effect of controlling the amount of light that passes through it until it reaches the sensor.
The focal length (f) indicates the opening angle provided by the lens, and the aperture value indicates the minimum and maximum limit values that this aperture works.
Practically, for example, if a target has an aperture of f2. 8, it means that it has a maximum aperture where the focal length (f) is divided by 2. 8. If in this example, the focal length of a 100 mm lens would be equal to 100 / 2. 8 – 35. 7 mm in diameter.
It is important to note that the physical aperture is not the opening of the diaphragm, however, this indicates what is the limitation of this lens to capture more or less light depending on the aperture of the diaphragm.
Image sensor sensitivity
Sensor sensitivity (ISO) is the amplification obtained from the electrical signal provided by the sensor, so higher sensitivity, higher electrical signal and signal conversion signal and therefore greater exposure.
After learning a lot about photographic processes, what are you waiting for to buy your digital camera?
Sensitivity changes the noise in photos as they zoom in, illuminating the image, but amplifying its color pixels, causing misinformation in the image as a whole.
Therefore, if the correct signal is amplified, the wrong signal will also be amplified, with more and more parasites as sensitivity increases. The sensitivity of current machines reaches ISO 12800, allowing noise invisibility up to ISO 3200.
In practical terms, it is ideal to keep the setting in ISO 100 for sunny days, ISO 200 if the day is cloudy and 400 CELA indoors, as well as indoors, however, this value can increase if necessary and the environment normally requires it. in very dark places like concert halls, shows, etc.
Exposure control
In the face of a beautiful landscape, it is common to want to immortalize it through photography, however, although the image is perfect for us, the camera lens may not be able to reproduce in the most perfect way possible, precisely because of the luminosity of the place.
Despite the use of overexposure and underexposure modes, in most DSLR cameras it is possible to change the exposure of photos to more or less with a button.
In this way, when selecting exposure based on a brightness index, the camera will select the exposure or aperture time itself to keep the image more or less exposed, depending on the best visibility.